農(nong)田水利(li)工(gong)程規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)設(she)(she)計是(shi)當前(qian)我(wo)國(guo)農(nong)業發展一(yi)項非常(chang)重要(yao)的(de)組(zu)成(cheng)內(nei)容，也是(shi)提升我(wo)國(guo)綜(zong)合競爭實力的(de)一(yi)項重要(yao)工(gong)作內(nei)容。結合當前(qian)我(wo)國(guo)農(nong)田水利(li)工(gong)程規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)設(she)(she)計工(gong)作的(de)實際開(kai)展情(qing)況，其在具體規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)設(she)(she)計過(guo)程中仍然存(cun)在一(yi)些(xie)問(wen)題(ti)，對(dui)(dui)最終農(nong)田水利(li)工(gong)程功(gong)能的(de)發揮造成(cheng)不利(li)影響。本文針對(dui)(dui)當前(qian)我(wo)國(guo)農(nong)田水利(li)工(gong)程規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)設(she)(she)計中存(cun)在的(de)問(wen)題(ti)進行分析，并提出了相應的(de)應對(dui)(dui)措施(shi)。

關鍵詞：農田水(shui)利工程；規劃設計；存在問(wen)題(ti)；措(cuo)施

農(nong)(nong)(nong)田水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)工(gong)程(cheng)建設是一項以(yi)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)灌溉排水(shui)(shui)工(gong)程(cheng)、改善農(nong)(nong)(nong)田水(shui)(shui)分狀況(kuang)、調節(jie)地區范圍內(nei)水(shui)(shui)資(zi)源利(li)(li)用(yong)效果(guo)、預防旱澇災(zai)害發(fa)(fa)生，并最(zui)終達(da)到促進農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)生產穩定增長(chang)為目的(de)的(de)綜合(he)性科學技(ji)術(shu)工(gong)程(cheng)類型[1]。做好(hao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)田水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)規劃設計工(gong)作，對發(fa)(fa)揮農(nong)(nong)(nong)田水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)諸多功能(neng)、確(que)保農(nong)(nong)(nong)田水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)穩定性與可靠性均有非(fei)常重要的(de)基礎作用(yong)。

1農田水利工程規劃設計存在的問題

1.1環境勘測不(bu)到位

環(huan)(huan)境(jing)勘測(ce)(ce)是(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)水利(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)規劃設(she)計(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)開展過程(cheng)中一項(xiang)非常重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)前置工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)內容。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)水利(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)建設(she)目的(de)(de)(de)在于(yu)提(ti)升當前工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)所(suo)(suo)屬(shu)范圍(wei)內農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)作(zuo)物產(chan)量(liang)，因此農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)水利(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)規劃和設(she)計(ji)(ji)必須結合當前所(suo)(suo)屬(shu)范圍(wei)內農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)耕種的(de)(de)(de)實際(ji)要(yao)求。然而(er)結合當前我國范圍(wei)內農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)水利(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)規劃設(she)計(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)實際(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)開展情況，部分(fen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)水利(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)在規劃設(she)計(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)開展過程(cheng)中的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)勘測(ce)(ce)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)成(cheng)果仍然有待提(ti)升，建成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)水利(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)無法有效滿足當前范圍(wei)內的(de)(de)(de)生態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)與農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)需求，導致農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)水利(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)諸(zhu)多功能(neng)發揮受到明顯限制。

1.2工程設計(ji)不夠合理

相關(guan)調查(cha)研(yan)究結果(guo)顯示：當(dang)前(qian)我國(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)多存在(zai)(zai)年限較久的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題。而在(zai)(zai)以往的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)規劃(hua)設(she)(she)計工(gong)(gong)(gong)作中(zhong)，由于受(shou)當(dang)時的(de)(de)(de)技術與(yu)(yu)理念限制，導致農(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)規劃(hua)設(she)(she)計在(zai)(zai)具體設(she)(she)計內容中(zhong)存在(zai)(zai)諸(zhu)多缺陷，無法有(you)效(xiao)滿足當(dang)前(qian)我國(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)需(xu)求(qiu)與(yu)(yu)發(fa)展需(xu)求(qiu)，也無法與(yu)(yu)新建(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形成(cheng)有(you)效(xiao)銜接，以進一(yi)步發(fa)揮(hui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)，對農(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)整體使(shi)用(yong)效(xiao)果(guo)造成(cheng)不利(li)(li)影響。直至今日，我國(guo)仍(reng)然有(you)部分農(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)在(zai)(zai)規劃(hua)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)采取一(yi)邊建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)、一(yi)邊規劃(hua)的(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)計模(mo)式，對農(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)發(fa)揮(hui)和(he)最終質量造成(cheng)不利(li)(li)影響[2]。

1.3監管維護工作存在的問題(ti)

由于當前我(wo)國許多農田(tian)(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)利工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)建設(she)(she)(she)時間處于20世紀50年代(dai)，其在(zai)具(ju)體(ti)規劃(hua)(hua)、設(she)(she)(she)計與建設(she)(she)(she)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)所(suo)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)等(deng)與當前技術發(fa)展存(cun)在(zai)一定(ding)的(de)脫節，且部分老舊的(de)農田(tian)(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)利工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)由于使(shi)用(yong)(yong)時間較(jiao)久(jiu)，其本身設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)等(deng)均(jun)存(cun)在(zai)較(jiao)為(wei)嚴重的(de)磨損情(qing)(qing)況，對農田(tian)(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)利工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)各項功(gong)效發(fa)揮(hui)造成(cheng)不(bu)利影響(xiang)。因此(ci)，農田(tian)(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)利工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)缺乏更新換代(dai)，也(ye)已(yi)經成(cheng)為(wei)當前我(wo)國農田(tian)(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)利工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)發(fa)展過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)一個必(bi)須(xu)面(mian)對的(de)重要問(wen)(wen)題。同時，結合當前我(wo)國農田(tian)(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)利工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)規劃(hua)(hua)設(she)(she)(she)計工(gong)(gong)(gong)作的(de)實(shi)際開展情(qing)(qing)況來看，在(zai)具(ju)體(ti)規劃(hua)(hua)設(she)(she)(she)計過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)設(she)(she)(she)計人員對農田(tian)(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)利工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)涉及(ji)的(de)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)、設(she)(she)(she)施(shi)等(deng)均(jun)缺乏全面(mian)有效、科學合理的(de)規劃(hua)(hua)與設(she)(she)(she)計，導(dao)致農田(tian)(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)利工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建成(cheng)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)存(cun)在(zai)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)效率較(jiao)低(di)、功(gong)能發(fa)揮(hui)受限等(deng)諸(zhu)多問(wen)(wen)題，對于農田(tian)(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)利工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)長遠發(fa)展造成(cheng)不(bu)利影響(xiang)。

2應對措施

2.1明確農田水利工程(cheng)規劃(hua)的目的性

設(she)(she)(she)計人員在(zai)農(nong)田(tian)水(shui)利(li)工(gong)程規(gui)劃設(she)(she)(she)計過程中首(shou)要(yao)之處在(zai)于(yu)了解當(dang)(dang)前(qian)(qian)農(nong)田(tian)水(shui)利(li)工(gong)程的主要(yao)建設(she)(she)(she)目的，按照相應的建設(she)(she)(she)目的結合(he)(he)當(dang)(dang)前(qian)(qian)農(nong)田(tian)水(shui)利(li)工(gong)程所屬范圍內的實際環境情(qing)況進(jin)行科學合(he)(he)理的規(gui)劃與(yu)設(she)(she)(she)計。在(zai)此過程中相關部門(men)(men)必須要(yao)明確當(dang)(dang)前(qian)(qian)農(nong)田(tian)水(shui)利(li)工(gong)程的核心(xin)目的以及使用(yong)過程中應當(dang)(dang)具(ju)備(bei)的各項功能。設(she)(she)(she)計人員應當(dang)(dang)與(yu)相關部門(men)(men)進(jin)行積極交流(liu)，依(yi)照相關部門(men)(men)頒布(bu)實施的各項政策完成(cheng)農(nong)田(tian)水(shui)利(li)工(gong)程的規(gui)劃與(yu)設(she)(she)(she)計工(gong)作[3]。

2.2提升農田水利工(gong)程設計的(de)實踐性

設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)人(ren)員(yuan)在(zai)農(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)水利(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)規(gui)劃設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)工(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)開展過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，必須要對當前農(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)水利(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)所屬范圍(wei)內的(de)(de)自然環(huan)境、農(nong)作物生(sheng)(sheng)長環(huan)境、生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境、水利(li)環(huan)境等多項內容進行(xing)(xing)科學合理的(de)(de)勘(kan)測，以(yi)勘(kan)測結(jie)果為基礎做好農(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)水利(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)規(gui)劃設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)方(fang)案，確保(bao)(bao)農(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)水利(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)規(gui)劃設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)方(fang)案具有可行(xing)(xing)性、實踐性與(yu)合理性。在(zai)農(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)水利(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)規(gui)劃設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)人(ren)員(yuan)務(wu)必要確保(bao)(bao)農(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)水利(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)質量符合具體的(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)要求，確保(bao)(bao)農(nong)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)水利(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)內容符合具體的(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)需(xu)求[4]。

2.3做好農田水利工程的各項準備工作

工(gong)作人(ren)員在農田(tian)(tian)水(shui)利(li)(li)工(gong)程(cheng)規(gui)劃設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)與建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)開展(zhan)的(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)中要規(gui)避以往一(yi)邊(bian)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)、一(yi)邊(bian)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)的(de)(de)錯誤方式。先做好(hao)當前農田(tian)(tian)水(shui)利(li)(li)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)規(gui)劃設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)方案，提(ti)交(jiao)審核(he)并確(que)定合格后(hou)，再(zai)制定相(xiang)應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)農田(tian)(tian)水(shui)利(li)(li)工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)劃，而(er)后(hou)依照建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)劃的(de)(de)具體內(nei)容和流程(cheng)完成農田(tian)(tian)水(shui)利(li)(li)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)與檢驗。設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)人(ren)員在此(ci)過(guo)程(cheng)中應(ying)(ying)當協(xie)助相(xiang)關部門(men)做好(hao)農田(tian)(tian)水(shui)利(li)(li)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)各(ge)項(xiang)準備工(gong)作，為農田(tian)(tian)水(shui)利(li)(li)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)順利(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)提(ti)供全(quan)面有效(xiao)的(de)(de)保(bao)障(zhang)。

3結束語

農田水利(li)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)劃(hua)設(she)(she)計對于(yu)促進我國農業穩(wen)定發展具(ju)有非(fei)常重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)意義。同時(shi)，農田水利(li)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)劃(hua)設(she)(she)計是一項(xiang)非(fei)常復雜的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作內容，設(she)(she)計人員在農田水利(li)工(gong)程(cheng)規(gui)劃(hua)設(she)(she)計的(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)中務(wu)必要(yao)結合實(shi)際，明確目標，協助相關部門做好各(ge)項(xiang)準備(bei)工(gong)作。